| Varieties: | Growth Promoting Medicine |
|---|---|
| Component: | Mineral |
| Type: | The First Class |
| Pharmacodynamic Influential Factors: | Repeated Medication |
| Storage Method: | Prevent High or LowTemperature |
| Veterinary Reg. No.: | Shouyaozhunzihao |
| Samples: |
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| Customization: |
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Audited Supplier GINEGG PLUS
Layer Nutritional Supplement
For Veterinary Use Only
COMPOSITION:
Each ml contains
| DL-Methionine---6 mg | L-Lysine------10 mg |
| Glycine------3 mg | L-Arginine-----2 mg |
| Manganese sulphate-2 mg | Magnesium sulphate-2mg |
| Zinc sulphate----2mg | Iron sulphate----1.5mg |
| Yeast Extract ----50 mg | Zymosan------50 mg |
| Origano Oil -----20 mg | VitaminE------20 mg |
| Solvents: upto---- 1ml | |
INDICATIONS:
• Help Layer increase egg production, establish good immune system, little disease happened.
• Improve eggshell hardness decrease broken egg rate.
• Extend laying fastigium Increase good quality egg production.
• Strengthen liver and kidney function, strengthen anti-stress capability.
• Keep intestinal tract microecosystem balance, decrease digestive system disease, Reduce feed & egg ratio.
DOSAGE / ADMINISTRATION:
For oral administration
1. During laying early period (50- 60days) laying late stage (physical laying rate drop off period).
1ml per 40 layers, drink intensively.
2. During disease recovery period in laying period,
1ml per 20 layers, drink intensively continuous 10-15 days.
Medicated water should be used within 3-4 hours, better use it during sunset.
WITHDRAWAL PERIOD: None
STORAGE:
Store in a dry, dark place between 5ºC and 25ºC.
Keep it away from children.
PACKING: 250ml 500ml 1L 25L
VALIDITY: 2 years
How to improve immunity for poultry laying hens
1. The Factors which affecting the immunity of chickens: disease, environment, and feeding; (immunosuppressive factors).
The main causes of chicken immunosuppressive diseases are the following four factors.
1. Viral factors
In chicks and young chicken flocks, immunosuppressive diseases induced by different immunosuppressive virus infections are becoming more and more common, and the resulting economic losses are getting more and more serious. The main manifestations are:
Affect the performance of chicken flocks;
Lead to a variety of other different bacterial and viral secondary infections;
Inhibit the immune response to specific vaccines, such as reducing antibodies to chicken Newcastle disease virus and avian influenza virus vaccines, and shortening the duration of effective antibody titers.
Types of viruses that cause immunosuppressive diseases in poultry:
1.1. Marek's disease virus causes severe atrophy of the chicken's bursa and thymus, degeneration of bone marrow and various internal organs, which greatly reduces immune cells, and severely affects the body's cellular and humoral immune functions.
1.2. Infectious bursal disease virus mainly affects the bursal of Fabricius in chickens. The bursa swells first and then shrinks. The lymphocytes in the medullary area are degeneration and necrosis. Plasma cell necrosis also occurs in Harder's gland.
1.3. Avian leukemia is a lymphoproliferative neoplastic infectious disease of poultry caused by avian leukemia virus. Avian leukemia virus is divided into 10 serotypes, which induce various benign or malignant tumors that can be transmitted in chickens. At the same time, it can reduce the antibody response and cause humoral immune suppression.
The virus mainly exists in the blood, feather sac, cloaca, reproductive tract, egg white, embryos and meconium of infected poultry. Inoculation of the virus into chicken embryos through the vein can cause the chicken to die within 1-2 weeks after the shell is released. Inoculate the virus In susceptible chicks, tumors visible to the naked eye will occur only after the incubation period of 3 months.
Epidemic characteristics: The disease is seen in all kinds of poultry. All days of age are infected, but the most sensitive is one day of age. The age of onset is more than 3-7 months.
Epidemic characteristics: The disease is seen in all kinds of poultry. All days of age are infected, but the most sensitive is one day of age. The age of onset is more than 3-7 months. The source of infection of the disease is sick poultry and recessively infected poultry. The way of transmission is horizontal transmission and vertical transmission. The infected female birds pass the virus to the chicks through the egg white, or pass the virus to the offspring through genetic integration, the infection rate is as high as 60%, and the case fatality rate is 1-2%, most of which are immunosuppressed.
Clinical manifestations and symptoms:
1.3.1 Lymphocytic leukemia: Cockscomb is pale, shrunken, occasionally cyanosis, weight loss and weakness. The liver, bursa of fabric, and kidney are enlarged, and sometimes nodular tumors of the liver can be found. Once the clinical symptoms appeared, he died soon.
1.3.2 Erythroblastic leukemia: initial fatigue, weakness; pale or cyanosis with the development of the disease. Most of them showed weakness, weight loss, diarrhea, and massive bleeding in one or more feather pouches.
1.3.3 (osteoblastic) myeloid leukemia: similar to erythroblastic leukemia. The first manifestations are drowsiness, general weakness, and mildly pale combs. As the disease progresses, the symptoms worsen, and there are waste food, dehydration, weight loss, and diarrhea. One or more feather pouches bleeding due to poor coagulation can be seen. Its course is longer than that of erythroblastic leukemia.
1.3.4 Osteoblastoma: The systemic symptoms are similar to (osteogenesis) myeloid leukemia. In addition, the growth of bone marrow cells can cause abnormal bulging of the head, sternum, and metatarsal bones, and the course of the disease is abnormally variable.
1.3.5 Hemangiomas: Hemangiomas often occur in the skin. When the tumor wall ruptures, it will cause heavy bleeding. The feathers near the tumor were stained with blood, and the chicken became pale due to blood loss.
1.3.6 Nephroma and nephroblastoma: Kidney tumor, the tumor does not show symptoms when it is small. As the tumor grows, it shows weight loss and weakness. When the tumor compresses the sciatic nerve, it can cause paralysis.
1.3.7 Liver cancer: The tumor protrudes on the surface of the liver. The tumor comes from cells that have been altered in the liver.
1.3.8 Bone sclerosis (osteolithiasis): often damages the long bones of the limbs. There is uniform or irregular thickening in the backbone or metaphyseal area. In the early stage, the affected area will be found to be unusually warm, and the metatarsals of late-stage diseased chickens have a characteristic "boot-like" appearance.
1.4. After chickens are infected with reticuloendothelial cell hyperplasia, the spleen cell tumor necrosis factor induces a significant increase in life, causing serious organic changes in various immune organs, leading to immune organ damage, and reducing the function of the body's immune organs.
1.4.1 Acute reticular cell tumor formation, the diseased poultry showed liver and splenomegaly, accompanied by focal or diffuse infiltrating lesions. Lesions are also common in the pancreas, gonads, heart, and kidneys. The blood picture showed a decrease in heterophilic white blood cells and an increase in lymphocytes.
1.4.2 Stiff chicken syndrome: non-neoplastic lesions. The pathological changes of this syndrome include short stature, thymic bursa atrophy, peripheral nerve enlargement, abnormal feather development, gastroenteritis, enteritis, anemia, liver and spleen necrosis. At the same time, it is accompanied by a decline in cellular and humoral immunity. Clinically, the growth and development of poultry are obviously hindered and thin, and this type of poultry consumes a lot of food. Sick chickens can see weight loss as early as 6 days of age, some feathers are stunted, and sick chickens are often eliminated before death. Experiments have shown that when the feeding conditions are good, the weight of sick chickens will be similar to that of normal chickens after 2 months.
1.4.3 Immunosuppression: The humoral and cellular immune responses of chickens are reduced after infection with the fully replicated REV strain. Experimental studies have shown that the ability to respond to antibodies against Marek's virus, turkey herpes virus, and Newcastle disease virus is reduced. The degree of inhibition is affected by the virus strain and dose. Immunosuppression, increased susceptibility to bacterial and fungal infections, increased susceptibility to viral infections, and suppressed vaccine immunity. Chicken infectious anemia infection can directly cause damage to the immune response.
1.5. Reovirus: Reovirus is found in many birds, but only chickens and turkeys are infected with viral arthritis and tenosynovitis.
1.5.1 Viral arthritis and tenosynovitis: During the acute infection period, chickens show lameness, and some chickens show developmental obstruction. The lameness of chickens in the chronic infection period is more obvious, and a small number of diseased chickens cannot move their tarsal joints. Lesions: Swelling of the plantar flexor and plantar extensor tendons. Tarsal joints often contain a small amount of grass yellow or bloody exudate. There was obvious edema in the tendon sheaths of the tarsal joint and the plantar joint in the early stage of infection. The synovium in the tarsal joint often has a bit of bleeding.
1.5.2 Malabsorption syndrome: unstable growth, poor pigmentation, abnormal feathers, abnormal bones and increased mortality. Undigested food and diarrhea in the stool. Lesions: anterior gastric enlargement, accompanied by bleeding or necrosis, catarrhal enteritis.
1.5.3 Immunosuppression: Causes the function of the immune organs to decline, and can make the chicken body vulnerable to other factors or stress factors in the environment.
1.6 In the subacute infection of chicken Newcastle disease virus, the spleen has necrotic lesions, the cortical area of the spleen and thymus and the germinal center lymphocytes are destroyed and the local vacuolar degeneration, and the medulla of the bursa of fabric is obviously degenerated.
1.7 Avian influenza virus replicates in macrophages, damages cell mitochondria, and causes cell death.
For immunosuppressive diseases caused by viral factors, vaccination is the main method to control the disease, and a reasonable immunization program is formulated. For avian leukemia and reticuloendothelial cell hyperplasia, in the absence of effective vaccine control, quarantine must be strengthened, and only positive chickens can be eliminated and the population can be purified.
2. Nutritional factors
Certain amino acids, vitamins and trace elements are necessary for the development of immune organs, lymphocyte differentiation and proliferation, and synthesis of antibodies and complement. If they are lacking, they will inevitably lead to the suppression of the body's immune function. For example, the synthesis of antibodies (immunoglobulin) requires amino acids as raw materials, so the body must be given sufficient feed protein; lack of vitamin A can damage the mucosa of the digestive tract and respiratory tract, and the local mucosal immune system will be weakened; vitamin C can enhance the body's anti-response Stimulus ability; lack of minerals and trace elements can lead to atrophy of immune organs and reduced humoral and cellular immune functions.
In production, feed should be prepared according to the growth and production needs of poultry to ensure that the body produces antibodies and other required proteins, and to avoid poor immune response caused by malnutrition of chickens or chronic nutrient wasting diseases. When chickens are under immune or stress, the amount of vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin E and selenium should be increased.
3. Feeding management and stress factors
Poor ventilation in the chicken house, accumulation of a large amount of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, irritation to the mucosal system such as the respiratory tract, eyes, etc., will make the immune function of the local mucosal system low. When chickens are under stress, blood pressure rises, and the content of adrenal corticosteroid hormones in the blood increases, which degrades the thymus, lymphatic tissue and the bursa of Fabricius, and reduces the ability of immune organs to respond to antigens. During production, the chickens should be given a quiet and comfortable environment to avoid damage to the upper respiratory mucosa of chickens due to overcrowding, poor ventilation, and excessive harmful gases.
4. Drugs and toxic factors
Many drugs have inhibitory effects on the body's immune system. Long-term or high-dose use of glucocorticoids such as dexame thasone can cause the death of chicken bursal lymphocytes and have an immunosuppressive effect.
Long-term addition of oxytetracycline to feed can destroy T lymphocytes and inhibit the formation of antibodies in chickens. Streptomycin, neomycin, gentamicin and kanamycin can inhibit the transformation of lymphocytes and also have an inhibitory effect on antibody production. Therefore, clinically, choose antibacterial drugs reasonably according to the condition of the disease, and the course of treatment should be appropriate to avoid long-term use.
Certain poisons such as aflatoxin can inhibit the synthesis of avian antibodies, atrophy of the thymus, bursa of fabric, and spleen, leading to immunosuppression of the body. Now we realize that the low levels of mycotoxins in poultry feed may lead to decreased production performance, weakened immunity, and reduced resistance to infectious diseases and tumors. Some studies have shown that mycotoxins and immunosuppression are achieved by inhibiting proteins. Synthetically realized.
2. Ways to improve immunity
Strengthen feeding management, close the chickens, and avoid entering the chicken farms with many disease sources. Good vaccines, for example, try not to use strong bursal vaccines, etc., are all good ways to improve the immunity of chickens. There is the addition of drugs.
3. Which drugs are helpful for improving immunity?
Many Chinese herbal medicines, such as Astragalus Polysaccharides can improve the body's antibody level and immunity. Andrographis, Coptis, Scutellaria, Cork, Garlic, Isatis, Houttuynia cordata, etc. can also enhance the immune function of poultry, and can effectively inhibit the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria.
1. Selenium: It is a trace element necessary to maintain the body's normal life activities. It participates in the regulation of various physiological functions in the body in a variety of biologically active forms. One of the important functions is to improve the body's immunity.
2. BCG is a non-specific immune enhancer that can enhance the phagocytic activity of macrophages, activate lymphocytes, and improve the body's cellular and humoral immune functions. It is a commonly used immune enhancer.
3. Levamisole has a broad-spectrum anti-parasitic effect, and has a good immune regulation function on the body. Levamisole has a promoting effect on T-lin white blood cells and a significant enhancement effect on macrophages. But long-term use can cause liver damage and neutropenia.
4. Polysaccharides (such as astragalus polysaccharide APS) Astragalus is a traditional Chinese medicine for invigorating qi. It can replenish deficiencies, can be solidified, and has the effects of replenishing qi, nourishing deficiency and promoting yang. A large number of studies have shown that astragalus polysaccharide, the main component of astragalus, has obvious immunity Enhanced functions. Astragalus polysaccharide has various pharmacological effects such as immune regulation, anti-tumor and anti-virus, among which the most important one is immune enhancement. Yunzhi polysaccharide (PS P) and lentinan can effectively improve the body's cellular immune function. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Tremella polysaccharide can proliferate B lymphocytes and promote the secretion of antibodies; Lycium barbarum polysaccharide can increase the killing rate of natural killer cells (NK) by nearly 6%, and lentinan can also increase the killing activity of NK cells. Zymosan, schizophyllan, and lipopolysaccharide can improve the phagocytic function of macrophages.
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